أنظمة البناء: CMake وإدارة الحزم

# CMakeLists.txt — minimum viable project
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.20)
project(MyApp VERSION 1.0.0 LANGUAGES CXX)

# Set C++ standard for the entire project
set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 20)
set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED ON)
set(CMAKE_CXX_EXTENSIONS OFF)  # use -std=c++20, not -std=gnu++20

# Create an executable target
add_executable(myapp
    src/main.cpp
    src/engine.cpp
    src/utils.cpp
)

# Add include directories for this target
target_include_directories(myapp PRIVATE
    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/include
)

# Create a library target
add_library(mathlib STATIC
    src/math/vector.cpp
    src/math/matrix.cpp
)

target_include_directories(mathlib PUBLIC
    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/include/math
)

# Link the library to the executable
target_link_libraries(myapp PRIVATE mathlib)

# Compiler warnings — essential for quality code
target_compile_options(myapp PRIVATE
    $<$<CXX_COMPILER_ID:GNU,Clang>:-Wall -Wextra -Wpedantic -Werror>
    $<$<CXX_COMPILER_ID:MSVC>:/W4 /WX>
)

# Configure — generate build files in a 'build' directory
cmake -B build -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release

# Build — compile the project
cmake --build build --parallel $(nproc)

# Install (optional)
cmake --install build --prefix /usr/local

# Common build types:
# Debug          — -O0 -g (full debug symbols, no optimization)
# Release        — -O3 -DNDEBUG (max optimization, no asserts)
# RelWithDebInfo — -O2 -g -DNDEBUG (optimized with debug info)
# MinSizeRel     — -Os -DNDEBUG (optimize for size)

# Run with sanitizers (add to CMakeLists.txt or command line)
cmake -B build-asan -DCMAKE_CXX_FLAGS="-fsanitize=address,undefined -fno-omit-frame-pointer"

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.20)
project(MyApp LANGUAGES CXX)

include(FetchContent)

# Fetch GoogleTest
FetchContent_Declare(
    googletest
    GIT_REPOSITORY https://github.com/google/googletest.git
    GIT_TAG        v1.14.0
)

# Fetch fmt (formatting library)
FetchContent_Declare(
    fmt
    GIT_REPOSITORY https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt.git
    GIT_TAG        10.2.1
)

# Download and make available
FetchContent_MakeAvailable(googletest fmt)

add_executable(myapp src/main.cpp)
target_link_libraries(myapp PRIVATE fmt::fmt)

# Test executable
enable_testing()
add_executable(tests tests/test_main.cpp)
target_link_libraries(tests PRIVATE GTest::gtest_main)
add_test(NAME unit_tests COMMAND tests)